Moonglade
You will find yourself in magical village, filled with plants and waterfalls. Take a look around if you want but use your map to remember where you are. Moonglade is a bit of a maze of buildings, hills, rivers and bridges and it's easy enough to get lost.
In the building in front of the spot you teleported in to is Dendrite Starblaze, the NPC we need to talk to for this stage of the quest. Head up to the top floor of the building and talk to him. He will ask you to seek out the Great Bear Spirit to continue your quest.
Great Bear Spirit
Leave the building and head in an easterly direction. Rather than talk you through the directions you need to find the Great Bear Spirit, take a look at the screenshot below and use your map to go to the spot indicated on the north-west part of the map. There you will find the Great Bear Spirit. Talk to him to complete the next step. Now return back to Dendrite and talk to him to complete this part of the quest.
Back to Thunder Bluff
Now you need to get to Thunder Bluff. But how? You teleported here and you don't have a teleport spell to get back. You have two options here. One is to use your hearthstone to return to the inn at Bloodhoof Village. The other option is to fly back. I'm going to assume that you've used your hearthstone recently, so you need to make your way to the flight master. Again, rather than give you directions, use the screenshot below to find your way to him.